ADVERSE DRUG REACTION PROFILE IN THE PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF CHILDREN FROM A PRO-AUTISM NGO IN LAJEADO

Abstract

The study investigated the use of medications in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) assisted by a support organization in Lajeado, identifying adverse effects and their impact on quality of life. This exploratory, cross-sectional research employed a structured questionnaire administered to caregivers, addressing clinical characteristics, pharmacotherapeutic profile, symptoms, and treatment adherence; after applying exclusion criteria, 23 caregivers were included. The results showed that pharmacotherapy is widely used to manage irritability, aggression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances, with risperidone and methylphenidate as the predominant medications, reinforcing the central role of atypical antipsychotics and psychostimulants. Although many caregivers reported partial or significant improvement, the findings indicate that these medications act on secondary symptoms rather than on the core features of ASD. Adverse effects were reported in 40% of cases, especially appetite changes, weight gain, drowsiness, and gastrointestinal symptoms, underscoring the need for continuous monitoring and individualized therapeutic adjustments. Most caregivers recognized the importance of complementary treatments, such as behavioral and psychosocial interventions, highlighting that pharmacotherapy alone is insufficient for comprehensive ASD management. The study concludes that treatment effectiveness depends on careful clinical follow-up, ongoing communication among professionals and families, and multidisciplinary integration, thereby promoting safer and more effective care for the children assisted.